1.21 Explain how vacancies are introduced in an ionic solid when a cation of higher valence is added as an impurity in it.
1.21 Explain how vacancies are introduced in an ionic solid when a cation of higher valence is added as an impurity in it.
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1 Answer
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1.21 Two or more cations of lower valency are replaced by a cation of higher valency to maintain electrical neutrality. Hence some cation vacancies are created. For example : In an ionic solid 'NaCl', is impurity of Sr2+ is added (as SrCl2) then two Na+ ions left thus lattice sited. To maintain electrical neutrality one lattice site is occupied by Sr2+ ion while other lattice site will remain vacant.
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