11.13
2,2,4-Trimethylpentan-3-ol
The naming of the compound usually starts with numbering the carbons in the chain. The lower set of locants are chosen for this purpose, while in this case numbering under this condition is done from the left side. Once the carbons are mentioned, the position of -OH group is numbered and -ol is added as the suffix.
2. 5-Ethylheptane-2,4-diol
Here the longest chain is the straight chain. For such situations, numbering should be such that the functional groups should be denoted by the smallest number. Ethyl group is named at the beginning as it's a side chain.
3. Butane-2,3-diol
In this system, glycols are called as Diols and their class name is Alkane diols. The two-hydroxyl group position is indicated by Arabic numerals. Firstly, the carbon chain is named, the -OH positions are numbered and suffixed with -diol (depends on the number of -OH groups.
4. Propane-1,2,3-triol
Initially carbon chain is named, -OH groups are numbered (can be done from any side as it's a symmetrical compound) and suffixed with triol.
5. 2-Methylphenol
In the IUPAC system, the position of the substituent w.r.t –OH group is indicated by an Arabic numeral, with the carbon carrying the OH group being numbered 1. So, methyl is numbered at the minimum position and phenol is added. The common name is o-cresol (ortho-cresol).
6. 4-Methylphenol
Methyl group is numbered 4 w.r.t to -OH position. The compound is symmetrical. The compound is known by its common name p-cresol (para cresol).
7. 2,5-Dimethylphenol
The position of the substituent w.r.t –OH group is indicated by an Arabic numeral, with the carbon carrying the OH group being numbered 1. The lowest number chain is further chosen. The positions of the methyl group is 2 and 5.
8. 1-Methoxy-2-methylpropane
the longest carbon chain attached to oxygen is chosen. It is called the principal chain and the other carbon chain is named with -oxy (Alkoxy) suffix at the end. Now the position of alkoxy group is 1
w.r.t the principal chain (propane) and the methyl group
Is 2. Further alphabetically methoxy comes before methyl, therefore named as such.
9. Ethoxybenzene
The principal chain is benzene, so the short chain is named as ethoxy and suffixed with benzene
10. 1-Phenoxyheptane
Principal chain is heptane group having 7 carbon groups. Phenol group is called as substituent alkoxy group and is named.
11. 2-Ethoxybutane
The longest chain here is butane and the ethyl group is attached to the 2nd carbon.
