48. The addition of HCl to an alkene proceeds in two steps. The first step is the attack of H+ ion to portion which can be shown as-

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Alok Kumar Singh | Contributor-Level 10

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This is a Multiple Choice Questions as classified in NCERT Exemplar

48. Option (ii) is correct since the arrow shows the direction of electron transfer. In the given reaction, the electron flows from π bond towards the electron-deficient H⁺group . This can be represented as-

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65. Option (i)

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This is a Assertion Type Questions as classified in NCERT Exemplar

62. Option (i) i.e.,

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61. Option (iv)

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