Diphenyls are potential threat to the environment. How are these produced from arylhalides?

This is a short answer type question as classified in NCERT Exemplar

Diphenyls, such as p, p-dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), which have been employed as organic pesticides, are a possible hazard to the environment since it was shown to have significant toxicity towards fish during its early years of widespread use, and many insects acquired resistance to it. The issue was exacerbated by DDT's chemical persistence and fat solubility. In terms of chemistry, DDT is not metabolised or solubilized well by mammals. The fatty tissues are where it is deposited and kept. DDT builds up within the animal over time if it is consumed at a con

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This is a short answer type question as classified in NCERT Exemplar

Diphenyls, such as p, p-dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), which have been employed as organic pesticides, are a possible hazard to the environment since it was shown to have significant toxicity towards fish during its early years of widespread use, and many insects acquired resistance to it. The issue was exacerbated by DDT's chemical persistence and fat solubility. In terms of chemistry, DDT is not metabolised or solubilized well by mammals. The fatty tissues are where it is deposited and kept. DDT builds up within the animal over time if it is consumed at a constant pace, harming the ecosystem.

The following two techniques can be used to make di-phenyls from aryl halides:

(i) The aryl halides are reacted with sodium metal in the presence of dry ether to generate substituted aryl compounds, such as biphenyl compounds, in the Fittig reaction.

(ii) Aryl halides are heated in the presence of Cu to create biphenyl/diphenyl compounds in the Ullmann synthesis, which is a coupling process.

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<p><span data-teams="true">This is a short answer type question as classified in NCERT Exemplar</span></p><p>Diphenyls, such as p, p-dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT), which have been employed as organic pesticides, are a possible hazard to the environment since it was shown to have significant toxicity towards fish during its early years of widespread use, and many insects acquired resistance to it. The issue was exacerbated by DDT's chemical persistence and fat solubility. In terms of chemistry, DDT is not metabolised or solubilized well by mammals. The fatty tissues are where it is deposited and kept. DDT builds up within the animal over time if it is consumed at a constant pace, harming the ecosystem.</p><p>The following two techniques can be used to make di-phenyls from aryl halides:</p><p><strong> (i)</strong> The aryl halides are reacted with sodium metal in the presence of dry ether to generate substituted aryl compounds, such as biphenyl compounds, in the Fittig reaction.</p><div><div><picture><source srcset="https://images.shiksha.com/mediadata/images/articles/1747110226php5voRnc_480x360.jpeg" media=" (max-width: 500px)"><img src="https://images.shiksha.com/mediadata/images/articles/1747110226php5voRnc.jpeg" alt="" width="371" height="85"></picture></div></div><p><strong> (ii)</strong> Aryl halides are heated in the presence of <strong>Cu</strong> to create biphenyl/diphenyl compounds in the Ullmann synthesis, which is a coupling process.</p><div><div><picture><source srcset="https://images.shiksha.com/mediadata/images/articles/1747110245phpIRPtez_480x360.jpeg" media=" (max-width: 500px)"><img src="https://images.shiksha.com/mediadata/images/articles/1747110245phpIRPtez.jpeg" alt="" width="403" height="79"></picture></div></div>

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