Discuss briefly de-mineralisation of water by ion exchange resin.

<p><span data-teams="true">This is a short answer type question as classified in NCERT Exemplar</span></p><p>Water demineralization using organic or synthetic ion exchange resins (ion exchange resins):</p><p><strong>a.</strong> Synthetic resins are insoluble polymeric solids that contain a large hydrocarbon network with&nbsp;reactive acidic or basic groups.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</p><p>These are better than Zeolite since they can remove all kinds of cations and anions from water. Demineralised or deionised water is the product of this process.</p><p><strong>b. </strong>There are two categories of these:</p><p>Resins for cation exchange: Acidic groups such as COOH or SO₃H can be found in them. Resin-H+-can be used to represent them.</p><p>Mg^{2+&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;}+&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 2H-resin&nbsp; →&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Mg (resin)₂+ &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; 2H⁺</p><p>In hard water &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Cation exchanger</p><p>Ca²⁺&nbsp;+ &nbsp; &nbsp; 2H-resin &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; →Ca (resin)₂+2H⁺</p><p>In hard water&nbsp; cation exchanger</p><p>Anion exchange resins: They have basic groups such as OH- or NH₂.</p><p>They may be represented as resin—OH^- or resin.&nbsp;</p><p>SO₄^2-&nbsp; &nbsp; + &nbsp; 2OH-resin&nbsp; → &nbsp; SO₄- (resin)₂+&nbsp; &nbsp; 2OH^-</p><p>Hard water&nbsp; anion exchanger&nbsp;</p><p>Cl^- &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; + &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; OH-resin&nbsp; → &nbsp; Cl- resin +OH</p><p>Hard water&nbsp; anion exchanger&nbsp;</p>

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