How can D2O be prepared from water? Mention the physical properties in which D2O differs from H2O. Give at least three reactions of D2O showing the exchange of hydrogen with deuterium.

This is a long answer type question as classified in NCERT Exemplar D2O can be prepared by prolonged electrolysis of water. Due to high molecular mass D2O differs from water. NaOH+D2O → NaOD+HOD HCl+D2O → DCl+ HOD NH4Cl+D2O → NH3DCl+HOD Physical Properties of H2O and D2O Property H2O D2O Molecular mass (g mol-1) 18.015 20.0276 Melting point/K 273.0 276.8 Boiling point/K 373.0 374.4 Enthalpy of formation/kJ mol-1 -285.9 -294.6 Enthalpy of Vaporisation (373 K)/kJ mol-1 40.66 41.61 Enthalpy of fusion/kJ mol-1 6.01 — Temp of max. density/K 276.98 284.2 Density (298 K)/g cm-3 1.0000 1.1059 Viscosity/centipoise 0.8903 1.107 Dielectric constant 78.39 78.06

How can D₂O be prepared from water? Mention the physical properties in which D₂O differs from H₂O. Give at least three reactions of D₂O showing the exchange of hydrogen with deuterium.

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Payal Gupta | Contributor-Level 10

8 months ago

This is a long answer type question as classified in NCERT Exemplar

D₂O can be prepared by prolonged electrolysis of water. Due to high molecular mass D₂O differs from water.

NaOH+D₂O → NaOD+HOD

HCl+D₂O → DCl+ HOD

NH₄Cl+D₂O → NH₃DCl+HOD

Physical Properties of H₂O and D₂O

Property	H₂O	D₂O
Molecular mass (g mol-1)	18.015	20.0276
Melting point/K	273.0	276.8
Boiling point/K	373.0	374.4
Enthalpy of formation/kJ mol^-1	-285.9	-294.6
Enthalpy of Vaporisation (373 K)/kJ mol^-1	40.66	41.61
Enthalpy of fusion/kJ mol^-1	6.01	—
Temp of max. density/K	276.98	284.2
Density (298 K)/g cm-3	1.0000	1.1059
Viscosity/centipoise	0.8903	1.107
Dielectric constant	78.39	78.06