Out of o-nitrophenol and o-cresol which is more acidic? 

This is a short answer type question as classified in NCERT Exemplar

Out of o-nitrophenol and o-cresol, o-nitrophenol  is more acidic due to the -I effect and -R effect of -NO₂ group as the -NO₂ group is an electron withdrawing group whereas the -CH₃ group is electron releasing group and has +I effect on the conjugate base which increases the electron density and decreases the polarity of O-H bond and hence less acidic.

Fig: The -I effect of NO₂ group and + I effect of CH₃ group on the polarity of O-H bond

<p><span data-teams="true">This is a short answer type question as classified in NCERT Exemplar</span></p><p>Out of <em>o</em>-nitrophenol and <em>o</em>-cresol, <em>o</em>-nitrophenol&nbsp; is more acidic due to the -I effect and -R effect of -NO₂ group as the -NO₂ group is an electron withdrawing group whereas the -CH₃ group is electron releasing group and has +I effect on the conjugate base which increases the electron density and decreases the polarity of O-H bond and hence less acidic.</p><div><div><picture><source srcset="https://images.shiksha.com/mediadata/images/articles/1746092740phpExOWqz_480x360.jpeg" media=" (max-width: 500px)"><img src="https://images.shiksha.com/mediadata/images/articles/1746092740phpExOWqz.jpeg" alt="" width="391" height="164"></picture></div><div>Fig: The -I effect of NO₂ group and + I effect of CH₃ group on the polarity of O-H bond</div></div>

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