Some time ago formation of polar stratospheric clouds was reported over Antarctica. Why were these formed? What happens when such clouds break up by warmth of sunlight? 

This is a Short answer type Questions as classified in NCERT Exemplar

Scientists working in the Antarctica region reported that depletion of the ozone layer  is commonly termed as an ozone hole over the South Pole in the Antarctic region. It was observed that a unique set of conditions were responsible for the ozone hole. In summer, nitrogen dioxide and methane react with chlorine monoxide and chlorine atoms forming chlorine sinks, preventing much ozone depletion, whereas in winter, special types of clouds called polar stratospheric clouds are formed over Antarctica. These polar stratospheric clouds provide a surface on which chlor

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This is a Short answer type Questions as classified in NCERT Exemplar

Scientists working in the Antarctica region reported that depletion of the ozone layer  is commonly termed as an ozone hole over the South Pole in the Antarctic region. It was observed that a unique set of conditions were responsible for the ozone hole. In summer, nitrogen dioxide and methane react with chlorine monoxide and chlorine atoms forming chlorine sinks, preventing much ozone depletion, whereas in winter, special types of clouds called polar stratospheric clouds are formed over Antarctica. These polar stratospheric clouds provide a surface on which chlorine nitrate gets hydrolysed to form hypochlorous acid. It also reacts with hydrogen chloride produced to give molecular chlorine.

When sunlight returns to the Antarctica in the spring, then the sun's warmth breaks up the clouds and HOCl and Cl2are photolyzed in the presence of sunlight. The chlorine radicals thus formed, initiate the chain reaction for ozone depletion. and the reactions can be given as-

HOCl (g) OH (g) + Cl (g)

Cl2 (g) 2Cl (g)

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<p>This is a Short answer type Questions as classified in NCERT Exemplar</p><p>Scientists working in the Antarctica region reported that depletion of the ozone layer&nbsp; is commonly termed as an ozone hole over the South Pole in the Antarctic region. It was observed that a unique set of conditions were responsible for the ozone hole. In summer, nitrogen dioxide and methane react with chlorine monoxide and chlorine atoms forming chlorine sinks, preventing much ozone depletion, whereas in winter, special types of clouds called polar stratospheric clouds are formed over Antarctica. These polar stratospheric clouds provide a surface on which chlorine nitrate gets hydrolysed to form hypochlorous acid. It also reacts with hydrogen chloride produced to give molecular chlorine.</p><div><div><picture><source srcset="https://images.shiksha.com/mediadata/images/articles/1743672810phpxNPX8r.jpeg" media=" (max-width: 500px)"><img src="https://images.shiksha.com/mediadata/images/articles/1743672734phpXAxA3F.jpeg" alt="" width="411" height="159"></picture></div></div><p>When sunlight returns to the Antarctica in the spring, then the sun's warmth breaks up the clouds and HOCl and Cl2are photolyzed in the presence of sunlight. The chlorine radicals thus formed, initiate the chain reaction for ozone depletion. and the reactions can be given as-</p><p>HOCl (g)<img src="https://images.shiksha.com/mediadata/images/articles/1743672789php8yiIeZ.jpeg" alt="" width="55" height="43"> OH (g) + Cl (g)</p><p>Cl2 (g)<img src="https://images.shiksha.com/mediadata/images/articles/1743672810phpxNPX8r.jpeg" alt="" width="55" height="43"> 2Cl (g)</p>

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