Write down functional isomers of a carbonyl compound with molecular formula C₃H₆O. Which isomer will react faster with HCN and why? Explain the mechanism of the reaction also. Will the reaction lead to the completion with the conversion of whole reactant into product at reaction conditions? If a strong acid is added to the reaction mixture what will be the effect on concentration of the product and why?

 This is a Long Answer Type Questions as classified in NCERT Exemplar

Ans: Functional isomers

Compound I will react faster with HCN due to less steric hindrance and greater positive charge on carbon atom of carbonyl group. Two methyl groups increase electron density on carbonyl carbon in compounds II hence the rate of nucleophilic attack is less.
Mechanism of the reaction:

 

<p>&nbsp;This is a Long Answer Type Questions as classified in NCERT Exemplar</p><p><strong>Ans:&nbsp;</strong>Functional isomers</p><div><div><picture><source srcset="https://images.shiksha.com/mediadata/images/articles/1750760722php355wcA_480x360.jpeg" media=" (max-width: 500px)"><img src="https://images.shiksha.com/mediadata/images/articles/1750760684phpoFac9K.jpeg" alt="" width="352" height="91"></picture></div><div><p>Compound I will react faster with HCN due to less steric hindrance and greater positive charge on carbon atom of carbonyl group. Two methyl groups increase electron density on carbonyl carbon in compounds II hence the rate of nucleophilic attack is less.<br>Mechanism of the reaction:</p><div><div><picture><source srcset="https://images.shiksha.com/mediadata/images/articles/1750760722php355wcA_480x360.jpeg" media=" (max-width: 500px)"><img src="https://images.shiksha.com/mediadata/images/articles/1750760722php355wcA.jpeg" alt="" width="733" height="126"></picture></div></div><p>&nbsp;</p></div></div>

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