15.26 Earthquakes generate sound waves inside the earth. Unlike a gas, the earth can experience both transverse (S) and longitudinal (P) sound waves. Typically the speed of S wave is about 4.0 km s–1, and that of P wave is 8.0 km s–1. A seismograph records P and S waves from an earthquake. The first P wave arrives 4 min before the first S wave. Assuming the waves travel in straight line, at what distance does the earthquake occur ?

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8 months ago

Let vs and vp be the velocities and ts and tp be the time taken to reach the seismograph from the epicentre of S and P waves respectively.

Let L be the distance between the epicentre and the seismograph.

We have:

L = vsts …. (i)

L = vptp …. (ii)

It is given,  vs = 4 km/s and vp = 8 km/s

From equation (i) and (ii), we get

ts =

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Physics Waves 2021

Physics Waves 2021

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