Why are sign conventions for displacement, velocity, and acceleration so significant for solving kinematic problems?

Assume the length of train be I and its acceleration be a.

$v^2=u^2+2al\Rightarrow al=\frac{v^2-u^2}{2}$

Velocity when middle point crosses the post,

$V_m=\sqrt[]{u^2+2a\frac{\mathcal{l}}{2}}.=\sqrt[]{u^2+\frac{v^2-u^2}{2}}=\sqrt[]{\frac{u^2+v^2}{2}}$

It's not always true. Direction of velocity is the most important consideration here that will tell us whether acceleration increases or decreases speed. You can consider two scenarios. If you're falling, that's negative velocity. That implies negative gravitational acceleration. Here, your speed in

Zero velocity doesn't mean zero acceleration. When you throw a ball-like object upward, at its peak the velocity is zero. But acceleration remains constant due to gravity. The velocity is still changing from positive to negative at that instant. That means acceleration continues.