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Hi,
1)
As per your query, it would be highly advisable to complete 12th first as it is the basic requirement if you wish to pursue any advance course or apply for job in any sector in future.
2)
To take admission in Merchant Navy, you need to pass 12th in Science (Physics, Chemistry, Maths) with 1 year pre-sea training as a deck cadet.
You can also join it directly after B.Tech in marine engineering, mechanical, electrical, electronics & telecommunication, naval architect.
If you pursue B.Sc (Nautical Science) in the officer cadre, it will lead you to become captain after 5-7 years of experience.
Except marine engineering candidates, others have to undergo a 10 months pre-sea training which is offered by many institute and port trusts or recruiting company itself. After that you will be appointed as a 5th or junior engineer. It will take 5-7 years depending on your abilities to become 'chief engineer'.
3)
Some of the colleges offering merchant navy are :
-The KLUB International Maritime Solutions, Kollam (Kerala)
-Zenith Ocean Ship Management Pvt. Ltd., Jaipur (Rajasthan)
-Oceanic Marine Services Pvt. Ltd, Lucknow (Uttar Pradesh)
While selecting the best college, you need to check some of the important parameters such as recognition, year of establishment, batch size, syllabus, faculty, fees, placements etc.
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Wish You Luck!