(a) Name the starting material used in the industrial preparation of phenol.

(b) Write complete reaction for the bromination of phenol  in aqueous and non-aqueous medium.

(c) Explain why Lewis acid is not required in bromination of phenol?

This is a long answer type question as classified in NCERT Exemplar

(a) Cumene is the beginning element for the industrial production of phenol.

(b)

When bromine water is used to treat phenol. As a whitish precipitate, 2,4,6-tribromophenol is formed

(c) Benzene is normally halogenated in the presence of a Lewis acid, such as FeBr3, which polarises the halogen molecule. Even in the absence of Lewis acid, the polarisation of the bromine molecule occurs in the case of phenol. It's because the benzene ring's —OH group has a strong activating impact.

<p><span data-teams="true">This is a long answer type question as classified in NCERT Exemplar</span></p><p><strong> (a)</strong> Cumene is the beginning element for the industrial production of phenol.</p><div><div><picture><source srcset="https://images.shiksha.com/mediadata/images/articles/1747126904phpX8sBN6_480x360.jpeg" media=" (max-width: 500px)"><img src="https://images.shiksha.com/mediadata/images/articles/1747126904phpX8sBN6.jpeg" alt="" width="639" height="232"></picture></div><div><strong> (b)</strong> <picture><img src="https://images.shiksha.com/mediadata/images/articles/1747126996phpz1TdH3.jpeg" alt="" width="493" height="218"></picture></div><div><p>When bromine water is used to treat phenol. As a whitish precipitate, 2,4,6-tribromophenol is formed</p><div><div><picture><source srcset="https://images.shiksha.com/mediadata/images/articles/1747127035phpk86xJR_480x360.jpeg" media=" (max-width: 500px)"><img src="https://images.shiksha.com/mediadata/images/articles/1747127035phpk86xJR.jpeg" alt="" width="562" height="204"></picture></div><div><strong> (c) </strong>Benzene is normally halogenated in the presence of a Lewis acid, such as FeBr3, which polarises the halogen molecule. Even in the absence of Lewis acid, the polarisation of the bromine molecule occurs in the case of phenol. It's because the benzene ring's —OH group has a strong activating impact.</div></div></div></div>

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