Describe the following: 

(i) Acetylation

(ii) Cannizzaro reaction

(iii) Cross aldol condensation

(iv) Decarboxylation

1. Acetylation refers to the process of introducing an acetyl group (resulting in an acetoxy group) into a compound, namely the substitution of an acetyl group for an active hydrogen atom. A reaction involving the replacement of the hydrogen atom of a hydroxyl group with an acetyl group (CH₃CO) yields a specific ester, the acetate. Acetic anhydride is commonly used as an acetylating agent reacting with free hydroxyl groups., this reaction is usually carried out in the presence of base like pyridine.

2. Aldeydes having no α-H undergo the disproportion reaction in the presence of Strong alkali, it is a chemical r

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1. Acetylation refers to the process of introducing an acetyl group (resulting in an acetoxy group) into a compound, namely the substitution of an acetyl group for an active hydrogen atom. A reaction involving the replacement of the hydrogen atom of a hydroxyl group with an acetyl group (CH₃CO) yields a specific ester, the acetate. Acetic anhydride is commonly used as an acetylating agent reacting with free hydroxyl groups., this reaction is usually carried out in the presence of base like pyridine.

2. Aldeydes having no α-H undergo the disproportion reaction in the presence of Strong alkali, it is a chemical reaction that involves the base-induced disproportionation of a non-enolizable aldehyde This reaction is known as Cannizzaro reaction.In this reaction two molecules of aldehyde is reacted, 1 is reduced to alcohol and other is oxidized to carboxylic acid.

3. When aldol condensation is carried out between two different aldehydes or two different ketones, or one aldehyde and one ketone this reaction is called as CROSS ALDOL CONDENSATION, if both the reactant is having α H then 4 products are formed ( 2 self aldol& 2 cross aldol)

4. Decarboxylation is a chemical reaction that removes a carboxyl group and releases carbon dioxide (CO₂). Usually, decarboxylation refers to a reaction of carboxylic acids, removing a carbon atom from a carbon chain. in this reaction carbon dioxide is released.

 

 

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<p><strong>1. </strong>Acetylation refers to the process of introducing an acetyl group (resulting in an acetoxy group) into a compound, namely the substitution of an acetyl group for an active hydrogen atom. A reaction involving the replacement of the hydrogen atom of a hydroxyl group with an acetyl group (CH₃CO) yields a specific&nbsp;ester, the&nbsp;acetate.&nbsp;Acetic anhydride&nbsp;is commonly used as an acetylating agent reacting with free hydroxyl groups., this reaction is usually carried out in the presence of base like pyridine.</p><div><div><picture><source srcset="" media=" (max-width: 500px)"><img src="https://images.shiksha.com/mediadata/images/1749808471php1BRMZq.jpeg" alt="" width="470" height="110" loading="lazy"></picture></div><div><p><strong>2.</strong> Aldeydes having no α-H undergo the disproportion reaction in the presence of Strong alkali, it is a chemical reaction that involves the base-induced disproportionation of a non-enolizable aldehyde This reaction is known as Cannizzaro reaction.In this reaction two molecules of aldehyde is reacted, 1 is reduced to alcohol and other is oxidized to carboxylic acid.</p><div><div><picture><source srcset="" media=" (max-width: 500px)"><img src="https://images.shiksha.com/mediadata/images/1749808521phpsVWrSI.jpeg" alt="" width="566" height="123" loading="lazy"></picture></div><div><p><strong>3.</strong> When aldol condensation is carried out between two different aldehydes or two different ketones, or one aldehyde and one ketone this reaction is called as CROSS ALDOL CONDENSATION, if both the reactant is having α H then 4 products are formed ( 2 self aldol&amp; 2 cross aldol)</p></div></div><div><div><picture><source srcset="" media=" (max-width: 500px)"><img src="https://images.shiksha.com/mediadata/images/1749808566phpY5Wfz2.jpeg" alt="" width="480" height="373" loading="lazy"></picture></div><div><p><strong>4.</strong> Decarboxylation is a chemical reaction that removes a carboxyl group and releases carbon dioxide (CO₂). Usually, decarboxylation refers to a reaction of&nbsp;carboxylic acids, removing a carbon atom from a carbon chain. in this reaction carbon dioxide is released.</p></div></div><div><div><picture><source srcset="" media=" (max-width: 500px)"><img src="https://images.shiksha.com/mediadata/images/1749808612php45IGSC.jpeg" alt="" width="488" height="88" loading="lazy"></picture></div></div><p>&nbsp;</p></div></div><p>&nbsp;</p>

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