How will you distinguish 1^∘ and 2^∘  hydroxyl groups present in glucose? Explain with reactions.

This is a Short Answer Type Questions as classified in NCERT Exemplar

Glucose with acetic anhydride in the presence of pyridine or a few drops of concentrated H₂SO₄, leads to productions of penta-acetyl derivatives which shows that there are five hydroxyl groups. One hydroxyl group is a primary (1^? ) alcoholic, whereas the other four (C₂, C₃, C₄, and C₅) hydroxyl or −OH groups are all labelled as secondary (2^? ) alcoholics.

When glucose (or gluconic acid) is oxidized in the presence of HNO₃, it produces saccharic acid (a dicarboxylic acid), showing that the primary (1? ) alcoholic group is oxidized to −COOH, but only under ex

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This is a Short Answer Type Questions as classified in NCERT Exemplar

Glucose with acetic anhydride in the presence of pyridine or a few drops of concentrated H₂SO₄, leads to productions of penta-acetyl derivatives which shows that there are five hydroxyl groups. One hydroxyl group is a primary (1^? ) alcoholic, whereas the other four (C₂, C₃, C₄, and C₅) hydroxyl or −OH groups are all labelled as secondary (2^? ) alcoholics.

When glucose (or gluconic acid) is oxidized in the presence of HNO₃, it produces saccharic acid (a dicarboxylic acid), showing that the primary (1? ) alcoholic group is oxidized to −COOH, but only under extreme of the conditions, the secondary (2^? ) hydroxyl groups undergo oxidation and participate in the reaction.

 

 

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<p>This is a Short Answer Type Questions as classified in NCERT Exemplar</p><p>Glucose with acetic anhydride in the presence of pyridine or a few drops of concentrated H₂SO₄, leads to productions of penta-acetyl derivatives which shows that there are five hydroxyl groups. One hydroxyl group is a primary (1^?) alcoholic, whereas the other four (C<strong>₂</strong>, C<strong>₃</strong>, C<strong>₄</strong>, and C<strong>₅</strong>) hydroxyl or −OH groups are all labelled as secondary (2^?) alcoholics.</p><div><div><picture><source srcset="" media=" (max-width: 500px)"><img src="https://images.shiksha.com/mediadata/images/1750936892phpHWvDrX.jpeg" alt="" width="589" height="163" loading="lazy"></picture></div><div><p>When glucose (or gluconic acid) is oxidized in the presence of HNO₃, it produces saccharic acid (a dicarboxylic acid), showing that the primary (1? ) alcoholic group is oxidized to −COOH, but only under extreme of the conditions, the secondary (2^?) hydroxyl groups undergo oxidation and participate in the reaction.</p><div class="photo-widget-full"><div class="figure"><picture><source srcset="" media=" (max-width: 500px)"><img src="https://images.shiksha.com/mediadata/images/1750936958php0GfZdq.jpeg" alt="" width="589" height="169" loading="lazy"></picture></div></div><p>&nbsp;</p></div></div><p>&nbsp;</p>

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