In the nitration of benzene using a mixture of conc. H2SO4 and conc. HNO3, the species which initiates the reaction is.
(A) NO2
(B) NO+
(C) NO2+
(D) NH2
In the nitration of benzene using a mixture of conc. H2SO4 and conc. HNO3, the species which initiates the reaction is.
(A) NO2
(B) NO+
(C) NO2+
(D) NH2
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1 Answer
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This is a Multiple Choice Questions as classified in NCERT Exemplar
Ans: (C)
In the process of nitration of benzene, firstly H2SO4 dissociates into H+ and HSO4−. The proton produced further reacts with HNO3 to give a positively charged complex that is unstable and dissociates into nitronium ions and water as products. The nitronium ion is an electron-deficient species i.e. electrophile that attacks the electron cloud of the benzene ring.
H2SO4 (conc.) ? H++HSO4−
H++HNO3? H2NO3+
H2NO3+? NO2+ + H2O
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