Phenol and formaldehyde undergo condensation to give a polymer (A) which on heating with formaldehyde gives a thermosetting polymer (B). Name the polymers. Write the reactions involved in the formation of (A). What is the structural difference between two polymers?
Phenol and formaldehyde undergo condensation to give a polymer (A) which on heating with formaldehyde gives a thermosetting polymer (B). Name the polymers. Write the reactions involved in the formation of (A). What is the structural difference between two polymers?
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1 Answer
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This is a Long Answer Type Questions as classified in NCERT Exemplar
The oldest synthetic polymers are phenol-formaldehyde polymers. These are made by combining phenol and formaldehyde in the presence of either an acid or a base catalyst. The reaction begins with the formation of o-and/or p hydroxymethyl phenol derivatives, which then react with phenol to form compounds with shaving rings connected by –CH2 groups. The first product could be a linear product, such as Novolac.
When heated with formaldehyde, Novolac crosslinks to form Bakelite, an infusible solid mass.
It is used to make combs, phonograph records, electrical switches,
...more
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