Tert-Butyl Bromide reacts with aq. NaOH by S_N¹ mechanism while n-butyl bromide reacts by S_N² mechanism. Why?

This is a short answer type question as classified in NCERT Exemplar

Tert-butyl bromide is substituted via the S_N¹ process because it may produce a stable carbocation in the first step after the halide group is cleaved. The nucleophile OH -  interacts with the carbocation next. The primary halide n-butylbromide, on the other hand, is unable to create a stable carbocation, thus it undergoes the S_N² process, which is a one-step substitution involving OH -  attack and concomitant X -  leaving to generate n-butyl alcohol.

<p><span data-teams="true">This is a short answer type question as classified in NCERT Exemplar</span></p><p>Tert-butyl bromide is substituted via the <strong>S_N</strong><strong>¹</strong> process because it may produce a stable carbocation in the first step after the halide group is cleaved. The nucleophile <strong>OH -&nbsp;</strong> interacts with the carbocation next. The primary halide n-butylbromide, on the other hand, is unable to create a stable carbocation, thus it undergoes the <strong>S_N</strong><strong>²</strong> process, which is a one-step substitution involving <strong>OH -&nbsp;</strong> attack and concomitant <strong>X -&nbsp;</strong> leaving to generate n-butyl alcohol.</p><div><div><picture><source srcset="https://images.shiksha.com/mediadata/images/articles/1747110530phpmv9AtZ_480x360.jpeg" media=" (max-width: 500px)"><img src="https://images.shiksha.com/mediadata/images/articles/1747110530phpmv9AtZ.jpeg" alt="" width="531" height="343"></picture></div></div>

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