Under which of the following reaction conditions, aniline gives p-nitro derivative as the major product?
(A) Acetyl chloride/pyridine followed by reaction with conc. H2SO4+ conc. HNO3
(B) Acetic anhydride/pyridine followed by conc. H2SO4+ conc. HNO3
(C) Dil. HCl followed by reaction with conc. H2SO4+ conc. HNO3
(D) Reaction with conc. H2SO4+ conc. HNO3
Under which of the following reaction conditions, aniline gives p-nitro derivative as the major product?
(A) Acetyl chloride/pyridine followed by reaction with conc. H2SO4+ conc. HNO3
(B) Acetic anhydride/pyridine followed by conc. H2SO4+ conc. HNO3
(C) Dil. HCl followed by reaction with conc. H2SO4+ conc. HNO3
(D) Reaction with conc. H2SO4+ conc. HNO3
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1 Answer
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This is a Multiple Choice Questions as classified in NCERT Exemplar
Ans: a and b
In addition to the nitro derivatives, direct nitration of aniline produces tarry oxidation products. Furthermore, aniline is protonated in the strongly acidic medium to form the anilinium ion, which is meta directing. As a result, in addition to the ortho and para derivatives, a significant amount of meta derivative is formed.
However, by protecting the? NH2 group with an acetylation reaction with acetic anhydride, the nitration reaction can be controlled and the p-nitro derivative obtained as the main product.
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