What does the energy of an orbital in a multi electron atom depend on?

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  • In a hydrogen atom, which we know has a single electron, the orbital energy will only depend on the principal quantum number (n). Here, the orbitals like 2s and 2p have the same energy (degenerate).

    It's a little different with multielectron atoms. The energy depends on both n and the azimuthal quantum number (l). This causes splitting. And, the energies increase in the order: s < p < d < f.

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