Work is not a state function, but why is internal energy one?

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  • This can be a little confusing when we already know the equation from the First Law of Thermodynamics (delta U = q + W) has internal energy as a state function. Work (W) and heat (q) are dependent on the path entirely, but internal energy is only concerned with initial and final states. We can consider the example of work done for an extremely slow or quick process of a gas expanding. The work done for slow work will be different from that of a faster one, but their initial and final states won't have any effect. 

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