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The difference is very fundamental. An MBA gives one a thorough grounding in all aspects of the business profession. An individual may concentrate in a particular area, but will still be required to take a certain number of core courses in finance, economics, accounting, marketing, MS and management. Electives will be used for your concentration. In the MS in HRM degree you will spend all your time on the principles of HR, from org design, to training, to everything else the HR profession covers. Are you a business major? If not, you will be required to take leveling courses to get you up to speed. If your undergraduate degree is in management or HR, the MBA would do you a world of good. Also, more and more of the trade journals are showing that HR professionals need to get an MBA to have any clout in the firm (that way they know about the financial and business aspects of the firm). If you are getting a degree in something else it may be best for you to pursue the HRM degree and after working for a while go back for the M.A. My M.A. is in HRD, but after being in an MBA programme for a while I can definitely say that my eyes have been opened.