3.31. The first (ΔiH₁) and the second (ΔiH₂) ionization enthalpies (in kJ mol^–1) and the (Δ_egH) electron gain enthalpy (in kJ mol^–1) of a few elements are given below:

Elements      ΔH1      ΔH2       Δ_egH

I                    520       7300      –60

II                  419        3051     –48

III               1681        3374     –328

IV               1008        1846     –295

V                 2372       5251       +48

VI                 738       1451        –40

Which of the above elements is likely to be:

(a) The least reactive element

(b) The most reactive metal

(c) The most reactive non-metal

(d) The least reactive non-metal

(e) The metal which can form a stable binary halide of the formula MX₂ (X = halogen)

(f) The metal which can form a predominantly stable covalent halide of the formula MX (X = halogen)?

Among isoelectronic monoatomic species, size is inversely proportional to atomic number. Hence among isoelectronic species Na? , O²? , N³? , F? (having the nearest noble gas configuration);
Order of size is Na? < F? < O²? < N³?
N³? has least atomic number hence the largest size

Electron gain enthalpy increases with electro negativity chlorine has higher electron gain enthalpy than fluorine (exception)

In isoelectronic species nuclear charge can be approximated as
Nuclear charge ≈ z / no. of electrons
Al³? Mg²? Na? F? O²? N³?
Nuclear Charge: 13/10 12/10 11/10 9/10 8/10 7/10
Minimum nuclear charge is in N³? and maximum is in Al³?
So order should be
Al³? < Mg²? < Na? < F? < O²? < N³?

This is a Matching Type Questions as classified in NCERT Exemplar

i                                       

This is a Matching Type Questions as classified in NCERT Exemplar

i )                            b  1681    3374    – 328

ii )