Class 11th Molecular Orbital Theory Chemistry Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure Chemical Bonding and Molecular Structure Chemistry

What are the major differences between valence bond theory & Molecular Orbital Theory?

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Asked by Himanshi Singh

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Answered by

Chandra Pruthi | Beginner-Level 5

8 months ago

You can check the below given table for the comarative differences between valence bond theory and molecular orbital theory.

Feature	Valence Bond Theory (VBT)	Molecular Orbital Theory (MOT)
Basic Concept	Overlap of atomic orbitals.	Atomic orbitals combine to form molecular orbitals
Bond Formation	Due to head-on (? ) or sideways (? ) overlap of atomic orbitals.	Linear combination of atomic orbitals (LCAO) to form bonding and antibonding MOs.
Explanation of Magnetic Behavior	Often fails to explain magnetism of molecules (e.g., O? is paramagnetic).	Accurately explains paramagnetism/diamagnetism (O? is paramagnetic due to unpaired electrons in antibonding orbitals).
Bond Order	Not clearly defined.	Bond order = ½ (No. of bonding electrons - No. of antibonding electrons)
Electron Delocalization	Electrons are localized between two atoms.	Electrons may be delocalized over multiple atoms.
Energy Consideration	Considers only overlapping orbitals and their energy.	Considers combination and energy differences of atomic orbitals.
Applicability	Works well for simple molecules like H? , HF, etc.	Better for explaining molecules like O? , N? , and ions like NO? , CN?

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