31. Using the method of integration, find the area enclosed by the curve |x| + |y| = 1

[Hint: the required region is bounded by lines x + y = 1, x – y = 1, – x + y = 1 and – x – y = 11]

${\displaystyle \underset{3}{\overset{x}{\int }}f\left(x\right)dx}={\left(\frac{f\left(x\right)}{x}\right)}^3\Rightarrow x^3{\displaystyle \underset{3}{\overset{x}{\int }}f\left(x\right)dx}=f^3\left(x\right),$ differentiating w.r.to x

$x^{3}f\left(x\right)+3x^2\frac{f^3\left(x\right)}{x^3}=3f^2\left(x\right)f\text{'}\left(x\right)\Rightarrow 3y^2\frac{dy}{dx}=x^{3}y=\frac{3y^3}{x}\Rightarrow 3xy\frac{dy}{dx}=x^4+3y^2$  

After solving we get  $y^2=\frac{x^4}{3}+c{x}^2$  also curve passes through (3, 3) Þ c = -2

$\therefore y^2=\frac{x^4}{3}-2x^2$ which passes through $\left(\alpha ,6\sqrt[]{10}\right)$ $\therefore \frac{{\alpha }^4-6{\alpha }^2}{3}=360\Rightarrow \alpha =6$  

Since a is a odd natural number then $\left|{\displaystyle \underset{1}{\overset{3}{\int }}{y}^{a}dy}\right|=\frac{364}{3}\Rightarrow \left|{\left(\frac{y^{a+1}}{a+1}\right)}_1^3\right|=\frac{364}{3}\Rightarrow \frac{3^{a+1}}{a+1}=\frac{364}{3}$  

 Þ a = 5

$y^2=x,a=\frac{1}{4}$

$x^2=-y,b=\frac{1}{4}$

$A=\frac{16\left|ab\right|}{3}=\frac{1}{3}$

lim (x→∞) (∫? ^ (√x²+1) tan? ¹t dt) / x = lim (x→∞) (tan? ¹ (√x²+1) * (x/√ (x²+1) = lim (x→∞) (tan? ¹ x) * (x/√ (x²+1) = π/2

A = ∫? ² lnx dx = 2ln2 – 1
A' = 4 - 2 (2ln2 – 1) = 6 – 4ln2