Ask & Answer Question

Work, Energy, and Power physics ncert solutions class 11th Physics Class 11th Work, Energy and Power

6.5 Answer the following :

(a) The casing of a rocket in flight burns up due to friction. At whose expense is the heat

energy required for burning obtained? The rocket or the atmosphere?

(b) Comets move around the sun in highly elliptical orbits. The gravitational force on the comet due to the sun is not normal to the comet’s velocity in general. Yet the work done by the gravitational force over every complete orbit of the comet is zero. Why ?

(c) An artificial satellite orbiting the earth in very thin atmosphere loses its energy gradually due to dissipation against atmospheric resistance, however small. Why then does its speed increase progressively as it comes closer and closer to the earth ?

(d) In Fig. 6.13(i) the man walks 2 m carrying a mass of 15 kg on his hands. In Fig. 6.13(ii), he walks the same distance pulling the rope behind him. The rope goes over a pulley, and a mass of 15 kg hangs at its other end. In which case is the work done greater ?

5 Views | Posted 5 months ago

Asked by Shiksha User

1 Answer

Answered by

Payal Gupta | Contributor-Level 10

5 months ago

6.5 (a) As per the law of conservation of energy,

Total energy = potential energy + kinetic energy

= mgh + $\frac{1}{2}$ mv2

When the casing burns, mass reduces, resulting in drop of energy. Hence the energy for burning of casing is drawn from the rocket.

(b) The force due to gravity is a conservative force. The work done on a closed path for a conservative force is zero. Hence, for every complete orbit of the comet, the work done by the gravitational force is zero.

(c) The potential energy of the satellite revolving the Earth decreases as it approaches the Earth and since the system's total energy should remain constant, the k

...more

6.5 (a) As per the law of conservation of energy,

Total energy = potential energy + kinetic energy

= mgh + $\frac{1}{2}$ mv2

When the casing burns, mass reduces, resulting in drop of energy. Hence the energy for burning of casing is drawn from the rocket.

(c) The potential energy of the satellite revolving the Earth decreases as it approaches the Earth and since the system's total energy should remain constant, the kinetic energy increases. Hence the satellite velocity increases when it approaches the Earth.

(d)

(i) Give, m = 15 kg, displacement, s = 4m

From the relation, work done, W = F $* s * \cos ? ?$ where $?$ is the angle between the force and displacement. Here F = mg, hence, W = mgs $\cos ? ?$ = 15 $* 9.8 * 4 * \cos ? 90 °$ = 0

(ii) Mass = 15 kg, s = 4 m, the applied force direction is same as the direction of the displacement, $? = 0$ . Hence W = 15 $* 9.8 * 4 * \cos ? 0 °$ = 588 J

less

6.5 (a) As per the law of conservation of energy, Total energy = potential energy + kinetic energy= mgh + <math><mfrac><mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow></mrow><mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></mrow></mfrac></math> mv2When the casing burns, mass reduces, resulting in drop of energy. Hence the energy for burning of casing is drawn from the rocket.  (b) The force due to gravity is a conservative force. The work done on a closed path for a conservative force is zero. Hence, for every complete orbit of the comet, the work done by the gravitational force is zero.  (c) The potential energy of the satellite revolving the Earth decreases as it approaches the Earth and since the system's total energy should remain constant, the kinetic energy increases. Hence the satellite velocity increases when it approaches the Earth.  (d)<div><div><picture><source srcset="https://images.shiksha.com/mediadata/images/articles/1728988868phpGvS2Ry_480x360.jpeg" media=" (max-width: 500px)"><img src="https://images.shiksha.com/mediadata/images/articles/1728988868phpGvS2Ry.jpeg" alt="" width="382" height="214"></picture></div></div> (i) Give, m = 15 kg, displacement, s = 4mFrom the relation, work done, W = F <math><mo>*</mo><mi>s</mi><mo>*</mo><mrow><mrow><mi mathvariant="normal">cos</mi></mrow><mo>? </mo><mrow><mi>? </mi></mrow></mrow></math> where <math><mi>? </mi></math> is the angle between the force and displacement. Here F = mg, hence, W = mgs <math><mrow><mrow><mi mathvariant="normal">cos</mi></mrow><mo>? </mo><mrow><mi>? </mi></mrow></mrow></math> = 15 <math><mo>*</mo><mn>9.8</mn><mi></mi><mo>*</mo><mn>4</mn><mo>*</mo><mi></mi><mrow><mrow><mi mathvariant="normal">cos</mi></mrow><mo>? </mo><mrow><mn>90</mn><mo>°</mo></mrow></mrow></math> = 0 (ii) Mass = 15 kg, s = 4 m, the applied force direction is same as the direction of the displacement, <math><mi>? </mi><mo>=</mo><mn>0</mn></math> . Hence W = 15 <math><mo>*</mo><mn>9.8</mn><mi></mi><mo>*</mo><mn>4</mn><mo>*</mo><mi></mi><mrow><mrow><mi mathvariant="normal">cos</mi></mrow><mo>? </mo><mrow><mn>0</mn><mo>°</mo></mrow></mrow></math> = 588 J

0 Upvotes 0 Downvotes

Similar Questions for you

An object is placed beyond the centre of curvature C of the given concave mirror. If the distance of the object is d₁ from C and the distance of the image formed is d₂ from C, the radius of curvature of this mirror is:

Vishal Baghel

Using Newton’s formula,

$\Rightarrow (f + d_{1}) (f - d_{2}) = f^{2}$

$\Rightarrow f = \frac{d_{1} d_{2}}{d_{1} - d_{2}} \Rightarrow R = \frac{2 d_{1} d_{2}}{d_{1} - d_{2}}$

Two blocks M₁ and M₂ having equal mass are free to move on a horizontal frictionless surface. M₂ is attached to a massless spring as shown in Fig. 6.10. Initially M₂ is at rest and M₁ is moving toward M₂ with speed v and collides head-on with M₂.

(a) While spring is fully compressed all the KE of M₁ is stored as PE of spring.

(b) While spring is fully compressed the system momentum is not conserved, though final momentum is equal to initial momentum.

(c) If spring is massless, the final state of the M₁ is state of rest.

(d) If the surface on which blocks are moving has friction, then collision cannot be elastic.

Payal Gupta

This is a multiple choice answer as classified in NCERT Exemplar

(c) When M1 comes in contact with the spring. M1 is retarded by the spring force and M2 is accelerated by the spring force.

a) So spring will continue compress until the blocks moves with the same velocity.

b) As the surfaces are frictionless momentum of the system will conserved.

c) If the spring is massless whole energy of M1 will be imparted and M1 will be rest .

d) collision is elastic even if friction is not involved.

A bullet of mass m fired at 30° to the horizontal leaves the barrel of the gun with a velocity v. The bullet hits a soft target at a height h above the ground while it is moving downward and emerges out with half the kinetic energy it had before hitting the target. Which of the following statements are correct in respect of bullet after it emerges out of the target?

(a) The velocity of the bullet will be reduced to half its initial value.

(b) The velocity of the bullet will be more than half of its earlier velocity.

(c) The bullet will continue to move along the same parabolic path.

(d) The bullet will move in a different parabolic path.

(e) The bullet will fall vertically downward after hitting the target.

(f) The internal energy of the particles of the target will increase.

Payal Gupta

This is a multiple choice answer as classified in NCERT Exemplar

(b) conserving energy between “O” ans ”A”

U_i+ K_i= U_f+ K_f

0+1/2mv²= mgh + 1/2mv’

$\frac{{(v')}^{2}}{2} = \frac{v^{2}}{2} = - g h$

(v’)²=v²-2gh = v^’= $\sqrt[]{v^{2} - 2 g h}$ ……….1

Let speed after emerging be v₁then

=1/2mv₁²=1/2[1/2mv’²]

1/2m(v₁)²=1/4m(v’)²=1/4m[v²-2gh]

V₁= $\sqrt[]{\frac{v^{2}}{2} - g h}$ ………….2

From eqn 1 and 2

$\frac{v'}{v_{1}} = \frac{\sqrt[]{v^{2} - 2 g h}}{\sqrt[]{v^{2} - 2 g h / \sqrt[]{2}}} = \sqrt[]{2}$

So v₁ = v’/ $\sqrt[]{2}$ =v²(v’/2)

v₁>v’/2

hence after emerging from the target velocity of the bullet is more than half of its earlier velocity v’

(d) as the velocity of the bullet changes to v’ which is less than v’ hence , path

...more

This is a multiple choice answer as classified in NCERT Exemplar

(b) conserving energy between “O” ans ”A”

U_i+ K_i= U_f+ K_f

0+1/2mv²= mgh + 1/2mv’

$\frac{{(v')}^{2}}{2} = \frac{v^{2}}{2} = - g h$

(v’)²=v²-2gh = v^’= $\sqrt[]{v^{2} - 2 g h}$ ……….1

Let speed after emerging be v₁then

=1/2mv₁²=1/2[1/2mv’²]

1/2m(v₁)²=1/4m(v’)²=1/4m[v²-2gh]

V₁= $\sqrt[]{\frac{v^{2}}{2} - g h}$ ………….2

From eqn 1 and 2

$\frac{v'}{v_{1}} = \frac{\sqrt[]{v^{2} - 2 g h}}{\sqrt[]{v^{2} - 2 g h / \sqrt[]{2}}} = \sqrt[]{2}$

So v₁ = v’/ $\sqrt[]{2}$ =v²(v’/2)

v₁>v’/2

hence after emerging from the target velocity of the bullet is more than half of its earlier velocity v’

(d) as the velocity of the bullet changes to v’ which is less than v’ hence , path, followed will change and the bullet reaches at point B instead of A

(f) as the bullet is passing through the target the loss in energy of the bullet is transferred to particles of the target . therefore their internal energy increases.

less

A man, of mass m, standing at the bottom of the staircase, of height L climbs it and stands at its top.

(a) Work done by all forces on man is equal to the rise in potential energy mgL.

(b) Work done by all forces on man is zero.

(c) Work done by the gravitational force on man is mgL.

(d) The reaction force from a step does not do work because the point of application of the force does not move while the force exists.

Payal Gupta

This is a multiple choice answer as classified in NCERT Exemplar

(b, d) When a man of mass m climbs up the staircases of height L, work done by the gravitational force on the man is mgl work done by internal muscular forces will be mgL as the change in kinetic is almost zero.

Hence total work done =-mgL + mgL=0

As the point of application of the contact forces does not move hence work done by reaction forces will be zero.

A cricket ball of mass 150 g moving with a speed of 126 km/h hits at the middle of the bat, held firmly at its position by the batsman. The ball moves straight back to the bowler after hitting the bat. Assuming that collision between ball and bat is completely elastic and the two remain in contact for 0.001s, the force that the batsman had to apply to hold the bat firmly at its place would be

(a) 10.5 N

(b) 21 N

(c) 1.05 ×104 N

(d) 2.1 × 104 N

Payal Gupta

This is a multiple choice answer as classified in NCERT Exemplar

Time of contact =0.001s

U=126km/h= $\frac{126 \times 1000}{60 \times 60} = \frac{35 m}{s}$

V= -35m/s

Change in momentum of the ball = m (v-u)= $\frac{3}{20} (- 35 - 35) k g m / s$

=21/2

F= dp/dt=- $\frac{21 / 2}{0.001} N$ = - 1.05 $\times 10^{4} N$

Here – negative sign indicates that force will be opposite to the direction of movement of the ball before hitting.

Get authentic answers from experts, students and alumni that you won't find anywhere else

On Shiksha, get access to

65k Colleges
1.2k Exams
688k Reviews
1800k Answers

Community GuidelinesUser Points System

QuestionsDiscussionsTags

1 Answer

Similar Questions for you

Learn more about...

Most viewed information

Most viewed information

Share Your College Life Experience

Didn't find the answer you were looking for?

Need guidance on career and education? Ask our experts

Your Question