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One can fulfill his dream of joining officer cadre ofIndian armed forces after 12th, one can joinarmy,airforceandnavyafter completing 10+2 by various entries, but there are certaineligibilitycriteria which is to befulfilled. Below is a detailed view of how one can join India armed forces after 12th.
Army
There are two 2 ways of joining Indian Army after 12th:
1. NDA & NA Examination :
The NDA entry is opentwicea year.
Form availability Mar and Oct Notified by UPSC
requirements for entry into NDA is as follows:
Age 16 to 19 yrs(at the day the course is expected to begin)
ie. Born Between 2nd Jan to 1st Jul for Dec Course and 2nd Jul to 1st Jan for Jul Course
Qualification 12th Class of 10+2 for Army and with Physics and Maths for AF/Navy
Marital Status Unmarried
Application to be Received by 10-15 Nov for Jan Course and 10-15 Apr for Jul Course
Likely SSB Date Sep to Oct and Jan to Apr(SSB can sometimes get very delayed, so this is just for reference)
Date Commencement of Training Jan and Jul
Training Academy NDA , Khadakwasla, Pune
Duration of Training 3 Yrs at NDA and then 1 Yrs at IMA, Dehradun
Technical Entry Scheme -TES(For High School Science Graduates):
The TES entry is open twice a year.
Vacancies Per Course 85
Form availability Apr and Sep Notified by Additional Directorate General of Recruiting
The requirements for entry into TES is as follows:
Age 16 to 19 yrs
ie. Born Between 1st Jul to 1st Jul for Jan Course and 1st Jan to 1 Jan for Jul Course
Qualification 10+2 Physics, Chemistry & Maths (aggregate 70% and above to apply)
Marital Status Un Married
Application to be Received by 30 Jun and 31 Oct
Likely SSB Date Aug to Oct and Feb to Apr
Date Commencement of Training Jan and Jul
Training Academy IMA Dehradun
Duration of Training 5 Yrs (1 Yrs IMA & 4 Yrs CTWS) Permanent Commission after 4 Yrs
Airforce:
Only one way:
1.NDA & NA Examination :You can joinNDAby taking the exam conducted byUnion Public Service Commission(UPSC). This exam is conducted twice a year in all major cities throughout India.
Eligibility Criteria
Age 16 to 19 years(at the time of commencement of course)
Nationality Indian
Gender Men only
Educational Qualifications 10+2 with Physics and Mathematics. Appearing final year students can also eligible to apply.
Advertisement Schedule May and December. (Advertisement is released by UPSC. Visit www.upsc.gov.in)
If u want information about Navy leave me a comment.
Hope this helps u.
Be free to share any problem u have.

Syllabus
Almost all of the engineering examinations are known to contain 3 sections namely Maths, Physics and Chemistry. The questions that are asked within these sections are known to contain topics covered in 11thand 12thyear of schooling. Although the type of questions asked may differ and so may their weightage, but these examinations are known to contain certain fixed topics which are:
Mathematics
Vectors, Matrices and Determinants, Probability, Three Dimensional Geometry, Theory of Equations, Sets and Functions, Complex Numbers, Permutations and Combinations, Limit and Continuity, Binomial Theorem.
Chemistry
Chemical Kinetics, Chemical BondingIonic Equilibrium, Chemical Thermodynamics, Gaseous State, Polymers, Alcohol Phenol and Ether, Redox Reactions, Atomic Structure, Surface Chemistry.
Physics
Current Electricity, Heat and Thermodynamics, Electrostatics, Wave Motion, Simple Harmonic Motion, Laws of Motion, Ray Optics, Vector Motion, Motion in 2DFluids/.

Eligibility Criteria for TIFR GS 2019
Physics
For Ph.D. M.Sc. /M. S. in Physics, or equivalent, on completion of Programs (s) of duration not less than 5 years in total
For I-PhD: M.E. / M.Tech. / B.Sc. / B. S. / B.E. / B.Tech. /B. Chem. In Physics, Engineering Physics, or equivalent degree, on completion of programme (s) of duration not less than 3 years in total; any other degree in Science/Engineering/Medicine, or equivalent, on completion of programme (s) of duration not less than 3 years in total. In addition, I-PhD candidates with not less than four or more years of university education who clear the written test may be considered by TCIS for their Ph.D. programme
For more detailed information visit the below Shiksha link:
https://www.shiksha.com/university/tata-institute-of-fundamental-research-Mumbai/tifr-gs-exam

Yes.
Civil engineering is a professional discipline that deals with the design, construction, and maintenance of the physical and naturally built environment, including works like roads, bridges, canals, dams, and buildings.Civil engineering is the second-oldest engineering discipline after military engineering, and it is defined to distinguish non-military engineering from military engineering.
It is traditionally broken into several sub-disciplines including architectural engineering,environmental engineering, geotechnical engineering, structural engineering, earthquake engineering,transportation engineering, water resources engineering, wastewater engineering, offshore engineering, quantity surveying, etc.

Your route to get an engineering degree after B.Sc. Physics can have three variations depending on which degree or course you want. There are these ways, B.Sc. (Physics) M.Sc. (Physics/Electronics) M.Tech (Mechanical / Electronics / Electrical/ Physical)B.Sc. (Physics) MCA M.Tech (computer Science)B.Sc. (Physics) B.Tech
Coming to the different exams that corresponds to a particular course, there is
IIT-JAM https://www.eduncle.com/iit-jam-exam (Indian Institute of Technology Joint Admission test for Masters) for M.Sc/MS (Physics, Geophysics, Electronics, etc. ), dual M.Sc-M.Tech (Material Science specializing in nanotechnology, photonics, geophysics, etc. ). And integrated Ph.D. courses. Eligibility: B.Sc. (Physics)
GATE (Graduate Aptitude Test for Engineering) for M.Tech, MS, and integrated Ph.D. Eligibility: B.Tech/M.Sc/MCA. LEET (Lateral Entry Entrance Test) for B.Tech (2nd year). Eligibility: B.Sc. (Physics)/B.Tech (1st year). Also different universities have different lateral entry programmes. It's good to check websites of IITs, IIITs, NITs, State universities, National Universities and private universities for their own lateral entry scheme.

First and foremost focus on basics, any programming language like C, CPP, Java, Python, etc. Data structures and algorithms
Networking
Database
Operating systems
Problem-solving skills
Pointers
Topics
Linked List
Stack & Queue
Deque
Trees
Heap
Recursion
Itself one of most important topic. (Both interviews as well as Competitive programming)
Time and Space Complexity Analysis
OOPS
It is quite handy if u have in depth knowledge [go through atleast one of the good books completely] of based on any of the OOP languages (Java/C+) and also try to get proficient in coding in one of these languages besides C. To have knowledge of both will also be quite handy. DBMS
OS- (very important)
Computer N/W-
Algorithms
Advance- (Flipkart, Direct and Amazon)
1)Advance data structures- (Segment tree, Tries, BIT, Suffix Array, heap)
2)Algorithms (Djikstra, Floyd Warshall, Euler path, hamiltonian path, KMP, MST, Union Find Data Structure)
3)Combinatorics (Recurrence Relation)
4)DP
Do practice coding on online platforms and do projects related to higher tech subjects- web, python, android, ML, etc. Participate in college events - It will make companies think that you are active. If you are organizers of any event or organisation in your college, that will be an added advantage
Know programming very well! - Check out for various cases (not so common). It will be a great advantage if you are expert in something else such as php,. Net, android etc. Develop algorithms. - The skill to develop algorithms is really important. Try to solve various problems. It will help you a lot.
Reasoning is required.
Basic Maths, aptitude may be evaluated! So prepare in those fields.
Be confident.