Draw the structures of BCl3.NH3 and AlCl3 (dimer).

This is a Short Answers Type Questions as classified in NCERT Exemplar The central B atom in BCl3 has six electrons in its valence shell. As a result, it is an electron-deficient molecule in need of two more electrons to complete its octet. To put it another way, BCl3 acts as a Lewis acid. NH3 on the other hand, has a lone pair of electrons that it can easily donate. As a result, NH3 serves as a Lewis base. As shown below, the Lewis acid (BCl3) and Lewis base (NH3) combine to form an adduct: The valence shell of AlCl3 contains six electrons. As a result, it is an electron-deficient molecule that requires two additional electrons to complete its octet. Chlorine, on the other hand, has three lone electron pairs. As a result, to complete its octet, the central Al atom of one molecule accepts a lone pair of electrons from the Cl atom of the other molecule, resulting in the formation of a dimeric structure, as shown below.

Draw the structures of BCl₃.NH₃ and AlCl₃ (dimer).

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Alok Kumar Singh | Contributor-Level 10

8 months ago

This is a Short Answers Type Questions as classified in NCERT Exemplar

The central B atom in BCl₃ has six electrons in its valence shell. As a result, it is an electron-deficient molecule in need of two more electrons to complete its octet. To put it another way, BCl₃ acts as a Lewis acid. NH₃ on the

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(i)→ (b), (ii) → (c), (iii) → (b), (iv) → (a) (v)→ (b) (vi)→ (c)

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(a) Used as a flux for soldering metals

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(c) Banana bonds

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(d) Low melting, high boiling, useful for measuring high temperatures

(v) Quartz

(e) Used as catalyst in petrochemical industries.

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(i)→ (c) (ii)→ (d) (iii)→ (a) (iv)→ (e) (v)→ (b)

Match the species given in Column I with the properties mentioned in Column II.

Column I

Column II

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(a) Oxidation state of central atom is +4

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Chemistry NCERT Exemplar Solutions Class 11th Chapter Eleven 2025

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(i) Boron in [B(OH)₄]⁻	(a) sp²
(ii) Aluminium in [Al(H₂O)₆]³⁺	(b) sp³
(iii) Boron in B₂H₆	(c) sp³d²
(iv) Carbon in Buckminsterfullerene
(v) Silicon in SiO₄⁴⁻
(vi) Germanium in [GeCl₆]²⁻

Column I	Column II
(i) Diborane	(a) Used as a flux for soldering metals
(ii) Gallium	(b) Crystalline form of silica
(iii) Borax	(c) Banana bonds
(iv) Aluminosilicate	(d) Low melting, high boiling, useful for measuring high temperatures
(v) Quartz	(e) Used as catalyst in petrochemical industries.

Column I	Column II
(i) BF₄⁻	(a) Oxidation state of central atom is +4
(ii) AlCl₃	(b) Strong oxidising agent
(iii) SnO	(c) Lewis acid
(iv) PbO₂	(d) Can be further oxidised
	(e) Tetrahedral shape