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The track gauge is the inner faces distance between the load bearing rails. In India we have presently four types of different gauges as broad gauge (1676mm), meter gauge (1000mm) and two narrow gauges of 762 and 610mm. The total track length used by Indian Railways is about 115,000 km, while the total route length of the network is 66,030 kms. The following factors are affecting while selecting the track gauge.Cost considerations: This includes land acquisition cost, labor cost, material cost etc. However, switching over from narrow to broad gauge is quite cheaply.
Traffic considerations: Traffic, speed and hauling capacity are the important while opting for gauge. A wider gauge has great potential in order to meets the above requirements because of large wheel diameter.
Physical considerations: Tracks required certain gradients and curves as per the physical conditions of the areas. Narrow gauges have the good flexibility for achieving them.
Uniformity of gauges: By keeping the uniform gauge the railway can minimize the number of variants in rolling stock. This will further improve the interchangeability and helps in standardizing the rolling stock.

Scope after B.Sc in nursing:
For aspirants who have finished their graduation in nursing, several job opportunities are made available by firms in the private as well as public sectors. Apart from this, students also have the option to continue their education and go for advanced studies in the field. After completing their studies, aspirants can get jobs as Department Supervisor/Assistant Nursing Superintendent, Teachers & even as Nursing Adviser to the Government of India etc.
Scope for Higher Studies after B.Sc Nursing:
After finishing their studies, graduates of nursing can go for M.Sc (nursing). There are lots of specialized areas for a person to train. A few of them are:
Community
Health
Medical - Surgical Pediatrics Obstetrics & Gynecology Psychiatry
There are numerous nursing institutes in India that offer students with an assortment of nursing courses. The admission to these institutes is done on the basis of the students performance in written examination. Students who excel in the written test will be notified about a personal interview.
Some of the courses that are available in nursing comprise of:
Auxiliary Nurse Midwife / Health Worker Educators General Nursing & Midwifery (GNM) Hospital Nursing Industrial Nursing/ Occupational Health Nursing Military Nursing Orthopedic Nursing Pediatric Nursing Psychiatric Nursing Public Health Nursing/ Community Health Nursing
Other Certification Courses after B.Sc Nursing:
Apart from the ones mentioned above, it is possible for students to go for some other specialized short term courses. A few of them comprise of:
M.Sc in Biotechnology M.Sc in Neuroscience M.Sc in Renal Sciences & Dialysis Technology M.Sc Medical Microbiology & Medical Biochemistry M.Sc. Clinical Research M.Sc. Medical Sociology Post Graduate Program in Public Health Management (PGPPHM)
Career Opportunities after B.Sc Nursing
Plenty of career opportunities are available for nursing nowadays. On the completion of their studies, students can get jobs with many private as well as public sector undertakings. A few of the areas where students can get jobs comprise of:
Clinics &Heath Departments Defense Services Hospitals Industrial Houses & Factories Nursing Science Schools Railways & Public Sector Medical Departments Training Institutes
It is also possible for nursing students to work with charitable institutions such as old age homes & orphanages. Jobs are also available for nurses at nursing homes too.