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Tl belongs to group 13 and shows both the oxidation state +1 and +3 due to inert pair effect. Tl forms basic oxide like group I elements. TlO₂ is strongly basic.

2.9 Dielectric constant of the mica sheet, k =6

While the voltage supply remained connected :

V = 100 V

Initial capacitance, C = 17.708 $*{10}^{-12}$ F

New capacitance,  $C_1$ = kC = 6 $*$ 17.708 $*{10}^{-12}F$ = 106.25 $*{10}^{-12}$ F

= 106.25 pF

New charge,  $q_1$ = $C_{1}V$ = 106.25 $*{10}^{-12}*100$ C = 10.62 $*{10}^{-9}$ C

If the supply voltage is removed, then there will be constant amount of charge in the plates.

Charge, q = CV = 17.708 $*{10}^{-12}*100$ C = 1.7708 $*{10}^{-9}$ C

Potential across plates,  $V_1$ = $\frac{q}{C_1}$ = $\frac{1.7708\mathrm{}*{10}^{-9}}{106.25\mathrm{}*{10}^{-12}}$ = 16.66 V

1.14. S.I. unit of mass is kilogram (kg).

It is defined as the mass of platinum-iridium block stored at international bureau of weights and measures in France.

(a) Neutral — CO
Acidic — B₂O₃, SiO₂, CO₂ 

Basic — Tl₂O₃ 

Amphoteric — Al₂O₃, PbO₂

(b)-CO does not react with acid as well as base at room temperature.
Being acidic B₂O₃, SiO₂ and CO₂ react with alkalis to form salts.

B₂O₃ + 2NaOH à 2NaBO₂ + H₂O

SiO₂ + NaOH à 2Na₂SiO₃ + H₂O

CO₂ + 2NaOH à Na₂CO₃ + H₂O

Being Amphoteric, Al₂O₃, PbO₂ react with acids and bases.

Al₂O₃ + 2NaOH à 2NaAlO₂ + H₂O

Al₂O₃ + 3H₂SO₄à (Al₂SO₄)₃+ 3H₂O

PbO₂ + 2 NaOH à Na₂PbO₃ + H₂O

2PbO₂ + 2 H₂SO₄à 2PbSO₄ + 2H₂O + O₂

Being basic Tl₂O₃ dissolves in acids

Tl₂O₃ + 6HCl à 2TlCl₃ + 3H₂O

1.13. Pressure= Force/Area

But weight = m x g, where m = mass (in kg) and g = 9.8 m/s²

Therefore, Pressure = 1034 g cm^-2 x 9.8 m/s²

= 1034 x 10^-3 kg x (100 m)² x 9.8 m/s²

= 101332 Pa

= 1.01332 x 10⁵ Pa

2.8 Area of each plate, A = 6 $\times {10}^{-3}$ $m^2$

Distance between plates, d = 3 mm = 3 $\times {10}^{-3}$ m

Supply voltage, V = 100 V

Capacitance C of the parallel plate is given by C = $\frac{k{\epsilon }_{0}A}{d}$

In case of air, dielectric constant k = 1 and

${\epsilon }_0$ = permittivity of free space = 8.854 $\times {10}^{-12}$ $C^2{N}^{-1}$ $m^{-2}$

Hence C = $\frac{8.854\mathrm{}\times {10}^{-12}\times 6\mathrm{}\times {10}^{-3}}{3\mathrm{}\times {10}^{-3}}$ F = 17.708 $\times {10}^{-12}$ F = 17.71 pF

Charge on each plate of the capacitor is given by q = VC = 100 $\times 17.71\times {10}^{-12}$ C

= 1.771 $\times {10}^{-9}$ C

Therefore, capacitance of the capacitor is 17.71 pF and charge on each plate is 1.77 $\times {10}^{-9}$ C

Candidates wishing to apply for courses at Justice KS Hegde Institute of Management are requried to fill out the application form by uploading the scanned copies of the following documents: 

• Marksheets of Class 10 and Class 12 
• Graduation marksheet
• Government identity such as the Aadhaar Card

Candidates must apply to the courses through the application form. Candidates are also required to pay the application fee to successfully apply for admission to Justice KS Hegde Institute of Management. 

Some of the notable colleges and universities offering lateral entry admissions include

Anna University, Chennai

Jadavpur University, Kolkata

Thapar Institute Of Engineering & Technology, Punjab

PSG College Of Technology, Coimbatore

Amity University, Uttar Pradesh

Manipal Institute Of Technology, Manipal

Delhi Technological University [DTU], Delhi

College of Engineering [COEP], Pune.

These are top colleges that accept lateral entry 

1.12. Density of methanol = 0.793 kg/L, molar mass of methanol (CH₃OH) = 32g/mol = 0.032 kg/mol

V₁ =? , V₂ = 2.5 L, M₂ = 0.25 M

We can apply the formula of

M₁V₁ = M₂V₂

Or V₁ = M₂V₂/M₁

Substituting M₁ = density / molar mass, we get

M₁ = 0.793/0.032 = 24.78

V₁ = 0.25 x 2.5 / 24.78 = 0.02522 L = 25.22 mL

Yes definitely, 12th marks is not related to any admission in any colleges and it is just a qualification that any student needed to get admission in BTech. You might get scholarship and all with the good marks in 12th but getting admission just need passing marks in 12th board.

1.11. Molar mass of sugar = (12 x 12) + (22 x 1) + (11 x 16) =342 g/mol

No. of moles in 352 g of sugar = 1 mol

No. of moles in 20 g = 20 x 1/352 = 0.0585 mol

Therefore, molar concentration = moles of solute / volume of solution in L = 0.0585 / 2 = 0.0293 mol/L

Allotropes: Allotropes are the different forms of an element which are having same chemical properties but different physical properties due to their structures.

In diamond, carbon is sp³ -hybridized. Since, diamond is three-dimensional network solid, it is the hardest substance with high density whereas graphite has a layered structure. The various layers are formed by van there Waals forces of attraction that's why graphite is soft and slippery.

Due to poor shielding effect of d-electrons in Ga, the electrons in gallium experience great force of attraction by nucleus as compared to Al. That is why Ga has lower atomic radius as compared to Al.

Because there is increase in atomic size on moving from carbon to silicon, the screening effect increases. Thus, the force of attraction of nucleus for the valence electron in silicon decreases as compared to carbon. Therefore, the ionization enthalpy decreases from carbon to silicon.

DMLT (Diploma in Medical Laboratory Technology) and GNM (General Nursing and Midwifery) are diploma-level programs, and both are great options in their own. It depends on your future goals and interests. But, I would suggest going for a UG-degree course like BSc Nursing after these courses to get better job and salary options.

1.10. (i) 1 mole of C₂H₆ contains 2 moles of carbon atoms

     Therefore, no of moles of C atoms in 3 moles of C₂H₆ = 6 moles
(ii) 1 mole of C₂H₆ contains 6 moles of hydrogen atoms
      Therefore, no of moles of  H atoms in 3 moles of C₂H₆ = 18 moles

(iii) 1 mole of C₂H₆ contains 6.02 x 10²³ molecules

      Therefore, 3 moles of C₂H₆ will contain ethane molecules = 3 x 6.02 x 10²³ molecules= 18.06 x 10²³ molecules

Magadh University grants admission to BA Hons courses based on scores obtained in the last qualifying examination. Thus, in order to take admission, students are not required to appear for any entrance examination. However, it is to be noted that the admission criteria may vary depending on the choice of institute.

Note: The above information has been taken from official sources. In order to get detailed information, students are advised to contact the university directly.