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Biochemists generally pursue research related work in the following fields.
Medicine :Biochemists, in this field carry out diagnostic tests and investigations for finding out causes of diseases. Their major concern is to study the role of genetic transmission of diseases from one generation to another.
They also try to figure out the chemical changes that take place in the cells of the body parts which signal the onset of various diseases such as tuberculosis, cancer, diabetes, mental disorders like epilepsy etc. Research related to identification and analysis of chemical processes like muscular contraction, reproduction, metabolism etc also relates to their job.
Agriculture :Biochemists develop and innovate new improved techniques for crop cultivation, pest control management and crop storage management. Contributions made in this field by biochemists has helped to better the output and quality of agricultural produce.
Nutrition : In this field, biochemists have researched and studied the effects of certain food stuff, minerals, proteins, carbohydrates, fats and vitamins, when consumed in excess or in deficient quantities, on the human body. The mechanism of fermentation process which has been practised for the past many years was discovered by biochemists only.

No, you can not get into NASA after D Pharma.
You can get into NASA as a Geologist!
I would like to quote legendary astronaut Dr. Sally K. Ride :
"The most important steps that I followed were studying math and Science in school. I was always interested in physics and astronomy and chemistry, and I continued to study those subjects through high school and college on into graduate school. That's what prepared me for being an astronaut; it actually gave me the qualifications to be selected to be an astronaut. I think the advice that I would give to any kids who want to be astronauts is to make sure that they realize that NASA is looking for people with a whole variety of backgrounds: they are looking for medical doctors, microbiologists, geologists, physicists, electrical engineers. So find something that you really like and then pursue it as far as you can and NASA is apt to be interested in that profession."
So yes if you are very much into Geology, you can definitely make your way to NASA.
But before that you should know that,
You need to have an American citizenship.
NASA gives preference to Educators.
So you'll need to plan accordingly.
Now coming to our Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO)
Oh yes! They too recruit Geologist.
Indian Institute of Remote Sensing (IIRS), a unit of Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO), is a premier institute for capacity building and research in the field of remote sensing and geoinformatics. The Institute has a multi-disciplinary and problem oriented research agenda focusing on developing land-ocean-atmosphere applications and understanding Earth's surface and subsurface processes using primarily the space-based technologies. The research programmes are intricately linked to overall goal of ISRO towards operationalisation of space-based services for national development.
You should definitely go through this link: Indian Space Research Organisation Recruitment 2015 - 39,100 Salary
It will for sure give you an idea about the requirements for getting into ISRO as a Geologist.
On a lighter note :)

It is good that you are pretty serious about cracking these exams
First of all note that your board percentage has no role to play in deciding your JEE rank from this year on wards . So if you can make it a 75% + in your boards that is more than sufficient .
Coming to your preparation
since you are from a state board make sure that you purchase NCERT books .
Read these books simultaneously along with your board books. It is most important to highlight important points from NCERT
Maintain a formula book for each subject note down all the formulae you come across and derivations if necessary keep revising the highlighted points and formulae
Practice from HC Verma for physics Arihant series for mathematics P bahadur numerical chemistry or GRB for physical chemistry JD Lee for inorganic (Balaji publications is also good)any reference for organic is fine
all these things only after NCERT
Apart from these you can practice from Arihant DPPs
and you must solve previous years questions after completion of each chapter
All the best !